Coriander cultivation – Profitable option for farmers

நிபுணர் கட்டுரைகள்

ஃபார்ம்ரெய்ஸ் குழு, Apr 07, 2021

Coriander has always demand in India for leaves and seeds, India is the fourth largest producer and consumer in coriander cultivation in the world. Coriander is most cultivated in India in Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Bihar, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, Karnataka and Uttar Pradesh. Usually by selling its leaf coriander in the market, farmers can earn 600 - 1500 Rs. daily from one acre, and this crop also gets ready in very less time like 40 - 55 days. Farmers can earn good profits by selling their seeds in the market. Coriander seeds will be ready in 100 -120 days, 7 to 9 quintal seeds with irrigation facility and yield of 50 to 80 quintal leaves. And in unirrigated condition 3 to 5 quintal yield can be obtained per acre, which can have a market value of 7500 - 12000.

Types of Coriander

Coriander crop can be divided into three types

➥ Coriander used only for leaves. Example : RCR 41, Gujarat coriander

➥ Coriander and only for seeds. Example : RCR 20, Swati & Sadhana etc.

➥ Coriander used for both seeds and leaves, such as Pusa 360, Pant coriander, Sindhu, which are left to become seeds after 2 to 3 times the plucking of the leaves.

➥Multicutting Coriander Multicut variety harvested for its strong aroma, attractive glossy ,broad and vigorous dark green leaves. Generally they are also is free from diseases like bacterial blight . Now multicut varieties are getting more popular due to high demand of coriander leaves . Recently IIHR ( Indian Institute of Horticulture Research ) has developed a variety called Arka Isha was developed through selection process can be used as multicut coriander variety. The other variety Punjab sugandh was released by Punjab Agriculture University , Ludhiana.

Salient features of Multicut coriander

➥ High yielding, multicut type (3 cuttings can be taken)

➥ Plants bushy, leaves broad and leaf lobes short

➥ Late flowering (50 days after sowing)

➥ First cutting at 40 days after sowing and subsequent cuttings at 15 day intervals

➥ Yield 10- 15 quintal per acre by pulling at 40 days after sowing and up to 30 quintals per acre by cutting three times

➥ Leaf moisture 82.4 %, Total Soluble Solids 17.6 % and Vitamin C content 167.05 mg 100 g-1

➥ Leaf essential oil yield 0.083%, with good aroma

➥ Keeping quality at Room Temperature (RT) 3 days, and at Low Temperature 3 weeks, without losing aroma when stored in polythene bag

Sowing Time

Coriander cultivation is done throughout the year, farmers who want to cultivate for seeds should sow during the winter season, and farmers who are doing cultivation for leaves, sow it between March and September with irrigation facility. Can, in the summer season, the price of coriander leaf will be higher.

Preparation of land & and fertilizer dose

Field with good drainage facility, medium soil will be suitable. If coriander is grown in rainfed conditions facility then black heavy soil is considered suitable for cultivation, deep plowing of the field should be done before sowing as well as 2 to 3 tons of well decomposed cow dung per acre should be applied. If farming is done without irrigation facility, then use 20 kg of nitrogen, 10 kg of sulfur, 10 kg of potash as a base, if irrigation facility is available for farming then 30 kg of nitrogen, 10 kg of sulfur, 10 kg of potash. Apply fertilizers during final ploughing of field.

Method of sowing

The sowing of coriander is done directly in the fields, but before sowing the seeds should be dipped in water, after that Seeds should be treated with fungicide like Carbendazim with the prescribed quantity.

When irrigation facility is available, seeds depth is 1 to 2.5 cm, if irrigation facility not available then mention 5 to 7 cm depth of seed. also maintain the distance between the rows 25 - 30 and 4 - 10 cm between the plants should be kept. At the time of sowing, sow in the beds with an interval of 3 to 5 days, from this interval farmers can harvest the crop every day.

Weed management

After 25 - 35 days of sowing, remove the weeds manually.

Disease and Pest Management

Aphid:- In coriander crop, the effect of juice sucker’s insect is the highest, aphid (mahoo) suck the juice from all the soft parts of the plants, which deteriorates the quality of the crop. Use recommended systemic insecticides such for controlling this pest.

Powdery mildew

(Churnil Asita) For the farmers who are mainly doing cultivation of leaves, this disease is very damaging for them, because it deteriorates the quality of the leaf, to prevent it, apply fungicides like Azoxistrobin Spraying at intervals of 15 days.

Harvesting

Depending on the type of seed, the crop is ready for first harvesting in about 30 -40 days, harvesting can be done when the crop is 6 -10 inches in height, harvesting and supplying the crop according to the market demand Apart from the spice industry, its oil is also used to make beauty ingredients. 60- 120 rupees per kg by selling its leaves and 120 -200 rupees per kg of seeds and 1200- 1500 rupees per kg can be availed by oil.

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