Suggestion to grape farmers for establishing new orchards

Expert Articles

FarmRise Team, Apr 27, 2021

As Grapes are grown for many purposes like table use, making wines and preparation of raisin, there is lot of demand in recent years to cultivate Grape orchards .

What climate is suitable for Grapes cultivation

The best season for planting the rooted cuttings of cultivated varieties in the main field is September-October whereas for rootstocks it is February-March.

Suitable Soil for grape farming

Grapes are found cultivated on a variety of soil types. The best soil types for grapes are known to be well-drained loam to sandy loam with good organic matter. Organic matter is very important component in getting better yields. So please check organic matter content before planting Grape orchards. Poorly drained, alkaline soils should be avoided.

These are some famous varieties Presently in Export

➥ Green Seedless: Thompson Seedless, Tas-A-Ganesh, Sonaka, A 17/3

➥ Coloured Seedless: Flame Seedless, Sharad Seedless, Fantasy Seedless

New Potential Varieties for Export

➥ Green Seeded: Italia

➥ Coloured Seeded: Red Globe

What Are The Operations To Be Done Before Planting

Land Preparation

Thorny bushes and scrubs should be uprooted and removed from the field. Land should be levelled by the tractor. The major weeds like Cyanodon and nutgrass should be completely controlled before planting with aid of weedicides like Glyphosate @ 10 to 15 ml/litre during non- crop situation.

Layout

Since planting of grape and erection of trellises will be a permanent structure during the life span of the vine, layout should be perfect. For maximum utilization of sunlight for photosynthesis during the growth of a vine, the planting should be done in North-South direction. This enables the vine to get uniform sunlight on either side of the rows. This also reduces the sun-burn as bunches are protected from direct sunlight.

Trench opening

A trench of 2.5’ × 2.5’ of a desired length should be opened either by manual or by tractor/JCB machine. While the trench is being opened, the top one feet of soil should be kept at one side whereas the bottom soil of soil at another side. The opened trenches should be exposed to the sun for 15-20 days. This should be done in the month of November.

Trench filling and levelling

The top soil kept at one side should be filled first at the bottom of trench. Well rotten farm yard manure is then spread over at the rate of one ghamela per running feet. In addition, single super phosphate to be added over FYM for faster decomposition of Farm Yard Manure.

Installation of drip irrigation

The drip irrigation system should be installed preferably before planting of rootstock. Mains and sub mains need to be put in the opened trench properly as the irrigation system 5 once installed will be in the soil for longer time. Laterals are then placed along the plants in a row

Planting of root stock

Purchase pure and true to type rooted cuttings of rootstocks from genuine nursery to avoid genetic mixture. February-March is the ideal season of planting rootstock in field. Mark the planting position row wise with the help of rope and lime powder. Open the pits of 1 ft3 at marked position. The matured rootstock plant having 3-4 nodes (if from nursery beds) should be kept in center of the pit and fill it with sand, FYM and soil along with 2-3 g insecticide powder. This will help to control the attack of termites during hot summer.

How to take care of rootstock and further steps we will share in next part. please wait

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